Project planning is part of project management,
which relates to the use of schedules such
as Gantt charts to
plan and subsequently report progress within the project environment
Initially, the project scope is defined and
the appropriate methods for completing the project are determined. Following
this step, the durations for the varioustasks necessary to
complete the work are listed and
grouped into a work breakdown
structure.
The logical dependencies between tasks
are defined using an activity network
diagram that
enables identification of the critical path. Float or slack time
in the schedule can be calculated using project
management software Then
the necessary resources can be estimated and costs for each
activity can be allocated to each resource, giving the total project cost. At
this stage, the project plan may be optimized to achieve the
appropriate balance between resource usage and project
duration to comply with the project objectives. Once established and agreed,
the plan becomes what is known as the baseline. Progress will be measured
against the baseline throughout the life of the project. Analyzing progress
compared to the baseline is known as earned value
management.
The inputs of the project planning phase include the project charter and the concept
proposal. The outputs of the project planning phase include the project
requirements, the project schedule, and the project management
plan.
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